Frameworks That Help You Sound Smart
For your next interview, Q&A session, or meeting
Katrine Tjoelsen
January 17, 2023
Hi, friend!
Do you ever admire those who can speak eloquently on the spot, sounding as if they're experts on the topic?
I do. And it's top of mind because I'm interviewing these days. This summer I'm wrapping up the Stanford MBA program (with mixed feelings!), so I'm applying for roles in climate-focused startups.
But how to respond to any question with grace?
Frameworks that help you sound smart
The secret to impromptu speaking is frameworks. If you know the overall structure, filling in ideas is easy.
Memorize these to be ready for ANY question:
🔷 Point → Reason → Example → Point (P.R.E.P.) Lead with your point before you explain the reasoning behind it. Add an example or two to bring it to life. And bring it home by restating your point.
🔷 Pros → Cons → Recommendation. Asked to offer your opinion? Acknowledge the nuances by speaking to the pros and cons before sharing your assessment.
🔷 Problem → Solution → Evidence. Outline the customer problem, explain your solution, and show evidence of traction. This is perfect for pitching a startup to investors.
🔷 Past → Present → Future. Start by building shared context by explaining how you’ve got here (the “past”), talk about the current challenges and opportunities in the “present”, and lastly share what the “future” will look like. Great fit for presenting strategy.
🔷 What → So what → Now what. Update your manager on what you've done the last week or your colleagues on a launch — either way, this framework is A+.
And what to do if you need more time to think? Toastmasters International's tips for impromptu speaking gives a five-step formula to answer questions: 1) listen, 2) pause, 3) repeat the question, 4) respond, 5) end without belaboring the point, smile, and make eye contact.
Again: Glad you're here. We're in this together!- Kat Tjoelsen